polyphony: molavi̓ s universal message

polyphony is a term applied by bakhtin to describe the features of dostoevsky's poetics. according to bakhtin, polyphony is based on dialogism and to respect to the others 'opinion. in this case, polyphony is an achievement that releases human thought of dogmatism. molavi, prior to bakhtin, emphasized on otherness and avoidance of dogmatism and selfdom. polyphony is a twentieth century idiom and he did not theorize it, the principles of polyphony as a universal message for human society can be seen in molavi's thought and works. this article examines molavi̓ s polyphonic view and tries to show it in molavi's works especially in mathnavis. the conclusion shows that there are the elements and roots of polyphonic thinking in molavi̕ s work; molavi presents polyphony through the elements such as: coexistence of binary oppositions, relativism, to respect to the other`s ideas.